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Ginkgo Biloba is a fascinating plant that has sparked the interest of researchers and medical professionals worldwide due to its potential therapeutic properties.
Ginkgo Biloba, a member of the Ginkgoaceae family, is a plant that originates from Asia. The leaves of this plant are used to create medicinal extracts, which contain a variety of chemical constituents. These include Ginkgolides (A, B, C), flavonoid glycosides, flavones, flavanols, polysaccharides, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and phenols.
Ginkgo Biloba has been used for the treatment of various disorders, such as mental deterioration, atherosclerosis, cerebrovasculopathies, ischemic heart disease, and more. However, not all of these applications have been officially approved.
Numerous properties are attributed to ginkgo, among which anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties certainly stand out. The anti-inflammatory action is attributable to the ginkgolides contained in the plant. These compounds have been shown to inhibit the activity of the platelet-activating factor, which plays an essential role in inflammatory processes.
The antioxidant activity is attributable to the flavonoids and terpene derivatives in the plant. These molecules prevent lipid peroxidation and act as free radical scavengers. Some studies have shown that ginkgo may also exert an antioxidant action directly at the liver level.
Several studies have been conducted on ginkgo's ability to improve cognitive functions and memory. It has been found that ginkgo can improve cognitive functions and memory in patients over the age of 50 suffering from memory disorders. The cognitive and mnemonic improvement exerted by ginkgo is attributable to the flavonoids and terpenes contained in it and their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Ginkgo can be used to treat tinnitus and vertigo syndromes of vascular origin. It has been observed that ginkgo extract can reduce the intensity, duration, and frequency of dizziness attacks. However, the debate on the usefulness of ginkgo for the treatment of tinnitus is still open due to the conflicting results obtained from various studies.
Intermittent claudication, a walking disorder often symptomatic of peripheral arterial occlusive disease, can potentially be alleviated with ginkgo extracts. Ginkgo is considered the primary phytotherapeutic remedy to combat intermittent claudication.
When using Ginkgo Biloba for therapeutic purposes, it is essential to use preparations defined and standardized in active ingredients (flavonoids and terpene derivatives), as only in this way can one know the exact quantity of pharmacologically active substances being taken. It is also crucial to consult a healthcare professional before beginning any treatment involving ginkgo.
Both the fruits and seeds of Ginkgo Biloba are toxic and should not be ingested. Skin contact with the pulp of ginkgo fruits may cause contact dermatitis. Ginkgo can also interact with a range of medications, including acetyl-salicylic acid, warfarin, acetaminophen, caffeine, and more.
At high doses, or due to the use of extracts not purified from ginkgolic acids, ginkgo may cause digestive system disorders, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Side effects such as headache, dizziness, hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmias may also occur. Allergic reactions are also possible, and cases of severe skin reactions have been reported.
Ginkgo Biloba should not be taken by patients with coagulation disorders, convulsive disorders, or proven hypersensitivity to one or more components. It is also contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and for patients who need to undergo surgery due to its potential to promote bleeding.
In conclusion, Ginkgo Biloba is a fascinating plant with potential health benefits, but it also comes with potential risks and side effects. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment.
