What Is Hip Thrust and How to Do It

The hip thrust is a multi-joint exercise, primarily designed to enhance the strength and hypertrophy of the gluteal muscles, although it also impacts the hamstrings. This exercise, often performed with a barbell, can also be done with a single dumbbell at moderate loads. The hip thrust can be executed with both legs but can also be performed with one leg, especially beneficial for those experiencing back pain.

Understanding the Hip Thrust

The hip thrust exercise is a powerful movement that primarily targets the gluteal muscles, particularly the gluteus maximus, which is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles. This exercise is unique in its ability to isolate and engage the gluteus maximus more effectively than many other common lower body exercises.

The hip thrust is executed through the movement of two main joints: the hip joint and the knee joint. While the knee joint does play a role in the movement, its primary function is to support and stabilize the lower limb, allowing for a more focused extension of the hip joint.

This exercise is particularly valuable for bodybuilding and strength sports for its specific emphasis on the posterior chain (hamstrings, glutes, and lower back). The hip thrust stands out from other multi-joint exercises such as squats, deadlifts, leg presses, and lunges because it provides a more targeted approach to gluteal activation, making it an essential supplement for those looking to enhance muscle symmetry, strength, and power in the lower body.

Furthermore, incorporating the hip thrust into a training regimen can have significant benefits for improving athletic performance, enhancing movement efficiency, and reducing the risk of injury by strengthening the muscles and ligaments around the hip and knee joints. This exercise can be performed using a variety of equipment making it a versatile and accessible option for individuals at all fitness levels.

How to Perform a Hip Thrust with a Barbell

The execution of the hip thrust requires careful attention due to its demanding nature. The initial position is crucial for correct execution. The movement should conclude with the knees at a 90-degree angle and the femurs aligned with the trunk, both parallel to the floor.

Here's a step-by-step guide on how to perform it:

1. Choose a stable platform on which you will rest your upper back. This can be a bench or two stacked steps.
2. Sit on the floor with your legs extended, the platform behind you. Position the barbell on your pelvis – between your hips and pubis. If you're using a heavy load, consider cushioning the barbell with a sponge or towel.
3. To increase the stimulus on the gluteus medius, you can use an elastic band placed between the legs, pushing into abduction during the reps.
4. Bend your knees at 90 degrees (your buttocks are still on the ground) and rest your upper back on the edge of the platform (at the lower edge of your shoulder blades). The feet should be slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, and the toes slightly turned outwards. The head should not be perfectly straight, as the chin approaches the sternum slightly (looking "downwards").
5. Before performing the first repetition, especially if you're a beginner, try a repetition or two to ensure that the posture and general setting are suitable.
6. Grab the barbell with both hands, in a prone position, just outside hip width. Always hold it firmly to stabilize it.
7. Inhale and start pushing, focusing more on the heels than on the forefoot, exhaling progressively.
8. The desirable range of motion (ROM) is full, with the pelvis reaching maximum height. Avoid forcing the extension beyond 180 degrees, as it could put excessive stress on your back. If you're working at high tension times, you can also introduce an isometric pause in maximum contraction.
9. Return to the starting position, controlling the movement and inhaling progressively.

Benefits of the Hip Thrust

The hip thrust is an exceptional exercise for developing and strengthening the glutes. It is preferable to other "isolation" exercises, such as cable jumps and isolation machines.

Moreover, the hip thrust can be an excellent postural exercise for those suffering from weakness in this area but cannot attempt the most common multi-joint exercises.

The hip thrust works the gluteus maximus differently compared to other exercises. Unlike other exercises, the hip thrust does not recruit the gluteus in pre-stretched conditions and reaches the peak of tension in a position of maximum shortening.

Limitations of the Hip Thrust

One of the primary limitations of the hip thrust is its misconception as a "female" exercise. This misconception has led to a lack of appreciation among male athletes, which is unfortunate given the benefits of this exercise.

Moreover, the hip thrust requires careful attention during the initial setup; otherwise, the execution could be incorrect and ineffective, or even uncomfortable.

Finally, individuals with recurring low back pain might find this exercise challenging. In such cases, it is advisable to reduce the load and prefer the one-leg version.

Common Mistakes to Avoid in the Hip Thrust

• Feet positioned too far forward, leading to excessive engagement of the quadriceps.
• Feet positioned too far back, resulting in excessive engagement of the hamstrings.
• Uncoordinated breathing.
• Overloading the barbell. The weight should be adjusted to complete approximately 8-10 reps (± 2).
• Incomplete ROM on push; in an effective hip thrust, the gluteus maximus must complete the hip extension.
• Arching your back in an attempt to go beyond the physiological ROM for hip extension.

In conclusion, the hip thrust is a versatile and effective exercise for strengthening the gluteal muscles and hamstrings. It requires careful attention and proper execution to reap its full benefits. As with any exercise, it's essential to avoid common mistakes and adjust the exercise to your individual needs and capabilities.